What Do I Need To Know About COPD?

28. Oktober 2025

2 Min. Lesezeit

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most common cause of death worldwide.

Wichtigste Erkenntnisse

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most common cause of death worldwide.
Dangerous mixture
Before it is too late

Für wen das ist

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Warum es wichtig ist

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Artikelautor

Dr. Irene

Pädiaterin, HNO-Arzt, Phoniaterin

Dangerous mixture

COPD combines two diseases — chronic bronchitis, in which the airways are in a state of inflammation, and emphysema, in which the alveoli expand, which reduces the area for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and some air remains in the lungs even when exhaling.

The disease damages the bronchi so much that their lumen narrows and the lungs don't get enough oxygen and lose their ability to function normally. The person suffers from shortness of breath, has difficulty breathing, and develops respiratory failure.

Before it is too late

COPD develops virtually asymptomatically over many years, progressing imperceptibly. This is why the disease is more often diagnosed in people over 60 years of age. Many 40-years-old people often underestimate the mild symptoms, and visit the doctor in the late stages of the disease, when changes in the lungs are already irreversible.

That's why you shouldn't ignore the following symptoms:

Shortness of breath, wheezing
The feeling of fatigue, frequent colds
Constant cough with the formation of large amounts of sputum
Tightness and heaviness in the chest
Shortness of breath, choking attacks
Swollen feet or legs due to fluid retention
Weight loss, loss of muscle mass, headaches in the morning
Blue or gray lips and nails

Avid smokers, people who work in areas with dirty air, and those with frequent respiratory illnesses or a family history of illness should be especially careful to look out for symptoms.

Diagnosis

If you suspect you have COPD, you should see a general practitioner, who will send you to a pulmonologist after a series of tests. Early detection of the disease allows you to slow its course and live a normal life.

If measures are not taken in time, COPD can be accompanied by dangerous diseases such as pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary heart disease.

Living with COPD

It is impossible to reverse the process and fully recover from COPD. However, it is possible to control the disease. Within the rehabilitation program patients are taught to manage attacks of respiratory failure and stress, stop smoking, learn how to breathe correctly, and train respiratory muscles.

Pneumococcal vaccination will reduce the frequency of COPD exacerbations and the development of pneumonia. You should avoid contact with chemicals, use an air filter at home, exercise regularly, and eat well.

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